Temperature Trends

Eswatini has experienced a 1.2°C increase in average temperatures since 1960, exceeding the global average.

Source: Eswatini Meteorological Services

Rainfall Patterns

Rainfall has become more erratic with 15% more dry spells during critical growing seasons over the past two decades.

Source: UNEP Regional Assessment

Impact Sectors

Agriculture, which employs 70% of the population, is the most vulnerable sector to climate changes.

Source: Eswatini Ministry of Agriculture

Key Climate Indicators

+1.2°C
Temperature Rise since 1960
-15%
Rainfall Reduction
40%
Crop Yield Reduction
70%
Population in Agriculture

Major Climate Impacts

  • Increased frequency and intensity of droughts
  • Reduced agricultural productivity and food insecurity
  • Water scarcity affecting households and industry
  • Loss of biodiversity and ecosystem degradation
  • Increased prevalence of climate-sensitive diseases
  • Damage to infrastructure from extreme weather events

Climate Projections (2020-2050)

Climate Parameter Current 2030 Projection 2050 Projection
Average Temperature 21.7°C 22.4°C 23.8°C
Annual Rainfall 788 mm 720 mm 650 mm
Dry Spells (days/year) 45 55 70
Heatwave Days 12 18 30

Source: Eswatini Climate Change Policy (2020)

National Response Initiatives

National Climate Change Policy

Comprehensive strategy to mainstream climate change into national development planning

Drought-Resilient Agriculture Program

Promotion of conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant crop varieties

Water Harvesting Infrastructure

Construction of dams and rainwater harvesting systems to improve water security

Renewable Energy Expansion

Investment in solar and biomass energy to reduce dependence on imported electricity

© 2023 Eswatini Climate Dashboard | Data compiled from multiple sources including Eswatini Government Reports and UN Climate Assessments

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